National Women’s Health Week is May 12 to 18. Each year at this time, millions of women are reminded to take steps to make their health—including mental health and emotional well-being—a priority. In honor of Women’s Health Week, this blog focuses on postpartum mood disorders, one of the most common mental health issues women struggle with. Postpartum mood disorders span a spectrum: from mild symptoms of depression, often described as “baby blues,” which usually resolve without treatment in about 2 weeks, through severe major depression, which requires intensive medical interventions. Baby blues develops in roughly 50% to 85% of women and is thought to be related to the rapid hormonal changes experienced after delivery. Postpartum depression, on the other hand, is an episode of major depression that affects about 9% of mothers a year. It is not clear what exactly causes postpartum depression; factors that may be involved include genetic susceptibility and hormonal changes following delivery, as well as the presence of psychological and social problems such as marital problems, financial difficulties or housing insecurity. Interestingly, two important risk factors for developing postpartum depression are its prior occurrence with a previous pregnancy or having experienced depression any other time unrelated to pregnancy.